{"id":1897,"date":"2026-10-20T08:53:20","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T08:53:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/keratoconus-treatment-turkey\/corneal-rings\/"},"modified":"2026-10-20T12:58:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T12:58:04","slug":"corneal-rings","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/keratoconus-treatment-turkey\/corneal-rings\/","title":{"rendered":"Intacs \/ corneal ring segments"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- Hero (Photo + summary card) Start -->\n<section class=\"page-hero\" id=\"top\">\n\t<div class=\"phero-inner pad with-media container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\">\n\t\t<div class=\"phero-left col-12 col-lg-7\">\n\t\t\t<div data-hero-in><ol class=\"crumbs\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/\">Home: eye surgery in Istanbul<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/treatments\/\">All eye treatments<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/keratoconus-treatment-turkey\/\">Keratoconus treatment in Turkey<\/a><\/li><li><span aria-current=\"page\">Intacs \/ corneal ring segments<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t<h1 class=\"t64 hero-title phero-title\" data-lines>Intacs Surgery Cost and Corneal Ring Segments in Istanbul<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"t22 phero-lead\" data-hero-in>Intacs surgery cost, candidacy, results and recovery, explained by the specialist who would treat you. At Laser Istanbul Clinic, corneal ring segments (Intacs and similar implants) for keratoconus are planned and performed by <strong>Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer<\/strong> (Do\u00e7. = Associate Professor), our cornea and keratoconus specialist. He reviews your corneal scans before you travel, you receive the full price in writing before you book, and a personal interpreter stays with you from your first examination to your final check-up.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"phero-ctas\" data-hero-in><a class=\"pill pill-white\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/free-consultation\/\"><span class=\"pill-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pill-label\">Send my scans for a free Intacs assessment<\/span><\/a><a class=\"pill pill-line\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/905416390785?text=Hello%20Laser%20Istanbul%20Clinic%2C%20I%20would%20like%20some%20information%20about%20eye%20treatment.%20Sent%20from%3A%20https%3A%2F%2Flaseristanbulclinic.com%2Fen%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"pill-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pill-label\">WhatsApp us: +90 541 639 07 85<\/span><\/a><\/div><ul class=\"phero-meta\" data-hero-in><li><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg>Medically reviewed by <span class=\"ph\">{{surgeon}}<\/span> \u00b7 Last reviewed <span class=\"ph\">{{date}}<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"phero-right has-media col-12 col-lg-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"phero-media\" data-hero-in><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"590\" height=\"880\" src=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/keratoconus-corneal-treatment.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Close-up of a cornea during corneal treatment\" fetchpriority=\"high\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/keratoconus-corneal-treatment.webp 590w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/keratoconus-corneal-treatment-201x300.webp 201w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px\" \/><\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"inshort\" data-hero-in><p>Intacs are small, clear plastic arcs placed inside the outer cornea to flatten the cone of keratoconus and improve vision, especially for people who can no longer see well with, or tolerate, contact lenses. They do not stop keratoconus progressing, so they are often combined with cross-linking, and most people still need glasses or lenses afterwards. In Istanbul, Intacs surgery with Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer starts from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 price}}<\/span> per eye; hotel and transfers are extra.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<!-- Hero (Photo + summary card) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Heading (Intro: heading left, text right) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"what-are-intacs-and-how-does-intacs-surgery-work\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\"><div class=\"intro-grid row\"><div class=\"intro-side col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48\" data-reveal>What are Intacs, and how does Intacs surgery work?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"copy prose col-12\"><p data-reveal>Intacs are intracorneal ring segments (ICRS): two thin, crescent-shaped implants made of PMMA, a medical plastic used in eye implants for decades. &#8220;Intacs&#8221; is the brand name of the first ring segments approved in the United States; other brands include Keraring, Ferrara rings and MyoRing. Doctors often use the generic terms &#8220;corneal rings&#8221; or &#8220;ring segments&#8221; for all of them.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>How they work.<\/strong> In keratoconus, the cornea, the clear dome at the front of the eye, thins and bulges forward into a cone. That causes short sight and irregular astigmatism that glasses cannot fully correct. The segments are placed deep in the outer part of the cornea, at roughly two-thirds to four-fifths of its thickness, well away from the centre of vision. EyeWiki explains that they act as spacers between the collagen layers of the cornea: they shorten its arc, which flattens the central cornea. In keratoconus where the cone sits off-centre, the US FDA&#8217;s approval summary notes that Intacs also move the cone back towards the centre.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>Three things make ring segments different from other keratoconus surgery.<\/strong> According to EyeWiki, they need <strong>no removal of corneal tissue and no incision inside the eye<\/strong>, and they <strong>leave the central cornea untouched<\/strong>. And unlike laser surgery or a transplant, they are designed to be <strong>removed or exchanged<\/strong> if needed.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>A short history.<\/strong> Intacs were first marketed for mild short sight in Europe from 1996 and in the United States from February 1999. They received the European CE mark for keratoconus in November 2003, and on 26 July 2004 the FDA approved Intacs for keratoconus patients who can no longer achieve adequate vision with contact lenses or glasses, &#8220;so that their functional vision may be restored and the need for a corneal transplant procedure may potentially be deferred&#8221;.<\/p><div class=\"list-card\" data-reveal><h3>Intacs surgery, step by step:<\/h3><ol class=\"plain-ol\"><li><strong>Numbing drops<\/strong> are put in your eye. The procedure is done under topical anaesthesia, so no injection is needed.<\/li><li><strong>A channel is made inside the cornea.<\/strong> Today this is usually done with a <strong>femtosecond laser<\/strong>, which cuts a precise circular tunnel at a set depth. The older method uses a small diamond-knife incision and mechanical instruments. EyeWiki and the 2016 review by Vega-Estrada and Ali\u00f3 describe the laser method as preferred because of its precision and safety profile.<\/li><li><strong>One or two segments are slid into the tunnel<\/strong> through one small entry cut, depending on the shape and position of the cone. Their thickness and arc length are chosen from your scans, prescription and the position of the cone.<\/li><li><strong>The small entry cut is left to heal<\/strong>, sometimes with a fine stitch, and you go home the same day with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drops.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><p data-reveal><strong>Thickness matters.<\/strong> EyeWiki summarises Barraquer&#8217;s principle: the flattening effect grows with the thickness of the segment and with a smaller ring diameter. That is why your surgeon chooses from several sizes rather than one standard implant.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>Technology we use:<\/strong> <span class=\"ph\">{{ring segment brand(s) and types used}}<\/span>, implanted with <span class=\"ph\">{{femtosecond laser platform name}}<\/span>, in a fully equipped, Ministry of Health\u2013licensed operating theatre in Istanbul. Before surgery, your examination includes corneal topography and tomography, corneal thickness mapping (pachymetry), a refraction and a full eye examination.<\/p><div class=\"links-row\" data-reveal><a class=\"link-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/eye-tests-diagnostics\/corneal-topography\/\">What a corneal topography scan shows, and why it matters for rings <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Heading (Intro: heading left, text right) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Heading (Intro: heading left, text right) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"who-is-intacs-for-keratoconus-suitable-for\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\"><div class=\"intro-grid row\"><div class=\"intro-side col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48\" data-reveal>Who is Intacs for keratoconus suitable for?<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"copy prose col-12\"><p data-reveal>Intacs for keratoconus suit people with <strong>mild to moderate keratoconus, a clear central cornea and enough corneal thickness<\/strong>, whose vision is no longer good enough with glasses or contact lenses, or who cannot tolerate rigid lenses.<\/p><div class=\"list-card\" data-reveal><h3>You are likely to be a candidate if:<\/h3><ul class=\"check-list\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>your vision with glasses or contact lenses is no longer good enough for daily life, or you cannot wear rigid lenses comfortably<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>the centre of your cornea is clear, without scarring<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>your cornea is at least <strong>450 microns<\/strong> thick where the segments will go. This is the threshold in the FDA&#8217;s approved indication and in EyeWiki&#8217;s candidacy criteria<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>your keratoconus is stable, or will be stabilised with cross-linking. Vega-Estrada and Ali\u00f3 state that disease stability should be confirmed before ring segments are suggested<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>your steepest corneal reading is within the range your surgeon can treat; in a 2013 review, Rabinowitz lists a steepest K of 58 dioptres or less among the features of the best candidates<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p data-reveal><strong>Who benefits most?<\/strong> Rings help most when vision is poor before surgery. In the 2016 review by Vega-Estrada and Ali\u00f3, 82.9% of eyes with poor corrected vision gained at least one line of vision, whereas in eyes that already saw well in glasses only 37.9% gained and 25.8% lost two lines or more. If you already see well with your lenses, your surgeon may advise you not to have rings.<\/p><div class=\"list-card\" data-reveal><h3>Ring segments are usually not the right choice if you have:<\/h3><ul class=\"check-list\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>scarring or clouding in the centre of the cornea<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>a cornea thinner than about 450 microns at the planned implant site<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>an active eye infection, recurrent corneal erosions or a corneal dystrophy<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>autoimmune, collagen-vascular or immune-deficiency disease, or conditions that slow healing, such as insulin-dependent diabetes or severe atopic disease<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>a history of herpes infection of the eye<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>pregnancy or breastfeeding<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>the expectation of perfect vision without glasses, which Rabinowitz lists as a reason someone is a poor candidate<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p data-reveal>The FDA approval for Intacs covers patients aged <strong>21 and over<\/strong>. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer decides on your scans and your eyes, and will tell you plainly if cross-linking, specialist contact lenses, an implantable lens or a transplant would serve you better.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>Intacs after laser eye surgery.<\/strong> Ring segments are also used for corneal ectasia, a bulging of the cornea that can rarely develop after LASIK. Rabinowitz notes that the channel must then be placed deep below the LASIK flap.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>Before your scans,<\/strong> take a break from contact lenses so your cornea shows its true shape: the <em>Community Eye Health<\/em> review advises 1 week for soft lenses and 2 weeks for rigid gas-permeable lenses. Bring any previous corneal scans.<\/p><div class=\"links-row\" data-reveal><a class=\"link-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/eye-tools\/astigmatism-test\/\">Check yourself for astigmatism with our online test <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Heading (Intro: heading left, text right) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Table (Table on a dark panel) Start -->\n<section class=\"panel dark\" id=\"intacs-keraring-and-other-corneal-ring-types-compared\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Intacs, Keraring and other corneal ring types compared<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"t22 sec-lead\" data-reveal>Several ring designs exist. They all work on the same principle; the differences are their arc, diameter and cross-section, which change how strongly and where they flatten the cornea.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tbl-flow\"><div class=\"tbl-wrap\" data-reveal><table class=\"tbl rsp\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Ring type<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Arc and shape<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Typical use (EyeWiki; Vega-Estrada &amp; Ali\u00f3, 2016)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Intacs<\/th><td data-label=\"Arc and shape\">Two 150\u00b0 segments, hexagonal cross-section; larger diameter (6.8 mm inner)<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical use (EyeWiki; Vega-Estrada &amp; Ali\u00f3, 2016)\">Standard ring segments for keratoconus; US-approved thicknesses 0.25\u20130.35 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Intacs SK<\/th><td data-label=\"Arc and shape\">150\u00b0 segments, oval cross-section, smaller (6 mm) inner diameter<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical use (EyeWiki; Vega-Estrada &amp; Ali\u00f3, 2016)\">Higher short sight<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Keraring \/ Ferrara-type<\/th><td data-label=\"Arc and shape\">90\u00b0 to 210\u00b0 segments, triangular cross-section, smaller diameter (about 4.4\u20136 mm)<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical use (EyeWiki; Vega-Estrada &amp; Ali\u00f3, 2016)\">Widely used; many arc lengths allow tailoring to the shape of the cone<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">MyoRing<\/th><td data-label=\"Arc and shape\">Full 360\u00b0 ring<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical use (EyeWiki; Vega-Estrada &amp; Ali\u00f3, 2016)\">Higher short sight, stronger flattening<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p data-reveal>Your surgeon chooses the ring type, number of segments and thickness from your topography, the position of your cone and your prescription. <span class=\"ph\">{{List here only the ring types Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer implants.}}<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Table (Table on a dark panel) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Table (Table on a tinted panel) Start -->\n<section class=\"panel\" id=\"intacs-surgery-cost-in-istanbul-and-what-is-included\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Intacs surgery cost in Istanbul, and what is included<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"t22 sec-lead\" data-reveal><strong>At Laser Istanbul Clinic, Intacs surgery starts from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 price}}<\/span> per eye<\/strong>, and corneal rings combined with cross-linking start from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 price rings + CXL}}<\/span> per eye. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer confirms your exact price in writing after reviewing your scans, before you book anything.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tbl-flow\"><div class=\"tbl-wrap\" data-reveal><table class=\"tbl rsp\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Treatment<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Laser Istanbul Clinic<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Intacs \/ corneal ring segments, per eye<\/th><td data-label=\"Laser Istanbul Clinic\">from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 price}}<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Corneal ring segments combined with cross-linking, per eye<\/th><td data-label=\"Laser Istanbul Clinic\">from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 price rings + CXL}}<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Corneal cross-linking alone, per eye<\/th><td data-label=\"Laser Istanbul Clinic\">from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 CXL price}}<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p data-reveal><strong>What other clinics charge.<\/strong> Few clinics publish a fixed price for ring segments: when we checked UK private clinics&#8217; 2026 price lists in October 2026, they listed cross-linking but quoted ring segments only after an assessment. For context, the same UK lists show about <strong>\u00a31,700\u20132,400 for cross-linking of one eye<\/strong>, and some quote the surgeon&#8217;s fee only, with scans and facility fees extra. Ask any clinic for a written, all-in price per eye before you compare.<\/p><div class=\"list-card\" data-reveal><h3>What changes the Intacs surgery cost:<\/h3><ul class=\"check-list\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>one eye or both:<\/strong> ring segments are priced per eye, and keratoconus is often worse in one eye<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>rings alone or with cross-linking:<\/strong> combining the two costs more, but treats both the shape and the progression<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>the ring type and number of segments<\/strong> your cornea needs<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>how the channel is made:<\/strong> we use a femtosecond laser<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>your scans:<\/strong> whether you need repeat tomography to confirm stability first<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"list-card\" data-reveal><h3>Your treatment price includes:<\/h3><ul class=\"check-list\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>full pre-operative eye examination and corneal scans with your surgeon<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>Intacs surgery by Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer, including the implants<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>medication and eye drops for your recovery<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>follow-up checks in Istanbul with the same surgeon<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span>a personal interpreter, a dedicated coordinator and remote follow-up after you return home<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p data-reveal><strong>Not included:<\/strong> flights, hotel and airport transfers. Hotel and transfers are a separate charge, and we can arrange them for you if you ask.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>Getting a quote<\/strong> takes three steps: send your current glasses or contact lens prescription, any eye reports and, most importantly, your corneal topography or tomography scans. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer replies with his opinion and a written quote within <span class=\"ph\">{{response time}}<\/span>.<\/p><div class=\"links-row\" data-reveal><a class=\"link-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/eye-surgery-packages\/\">Eye surgery packages: what&#039;s included (hotel and transfers extra) <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Table (Table on a tinted panel) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Team (Surgeon card: 1 surgeon) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"your-corneal-ring-surgeon\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t<div class=\"sec-head is-center row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Your corneal ring surgeon<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"sg-grid one row row-cols-1\"><div class=\"col\"><a class=\"sg-card h-100\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/doctors\/\" data-reveal><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"294\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/doc-dr-muhammet-derda-ozer-cornea-specialist-istanbul-294x300.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/doc-dr-muhammet-derda-ozer-cornea-specialist-istanbul-294x300.webp 294w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/doc-dr-muhammet-derda-ozer-cornea-specialist-istanbul-768x784.webp 768w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/doc-dr-muhammet-derda-ozer-cornea-specialist-istanbul.webp 790w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 294px) 100vw, 294px\" \/><span class=\"sg-body\"><b>Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer<\/b><span class=\"sg-spec\">Cornea and keratoconus \u00b7 corneal ring segments \u00b7 corneal cross-linking \u00b7 corneal transplantation \u00b7 retina and uveitis \u00b7 ocular oncology \u00b7 cataract<\/span><span class=\"sg-bio\">Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer trained at Istanbul University&#8217;s Faculty of Medicine, completing his ophthalmology training there in 2016, and became an Associate Professor of Ophthalmology in 2021. He holds the FICO qualification of the International Council of Ophthalmology and has 27 papers listed on PubMed, including research on corneal cross-linking for keratoconus in young people. He speaks Turkish and English. Because he also performs cross-linking and corneal transplants, your whole keratoconus plan, from stabilising the cornea to improving your vision, stays with one specialist.<\/span><span class=\"sg-go\">Meet all our eye surgeons <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Team (Surgeon card: 1 surgeon) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Process (Step cards: 3 columns) Start -->\n<section class=\"panel\" id=\"your-intacs-surgery-journey-step-by-step\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"sec-head is-center row\"><div class=\"col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Your Intacs surgery journey, step by step<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\t\t<ol class=\"steps row row-cols-1 row-cols-lg-3\" data-stagger>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><div class=\"step h-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Free online assessment<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Send your prescription, eye reports and corneal scans. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer tells you whether ring segments are likely to help, whether you need cross-linking as well, and sends a written quote.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><div class=\"step h-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Book your dates<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Plan to stay in Istanbul for <span class=\"ph\">{{number of days}}<\/span>. We help you choose dates and recommend flights.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><div class=\"step h-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Full eye examination (day 1)<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Corneal topography and tomography, thickness mapping, refraction and a full eye check through your interpreter. Your surgeon plans the ring type, thickness and position. If rings are not right for you, he tells you and explains the alternatives.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><div class=\"step h-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Surgery (day <span class=\"ph\">{{day}}<\/span>)<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Numbing drops, then the femtosecond laser channel and ring insertion. <span class=\"ph\">{{Typical time in theatre per eye.}}<\/span> You go back to your hotel the same day with drops and pain relief.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><div class=\"step h-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Check-ups in Istanbul<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Your surgeon checks the position of the segments and the entry cut, usually the next day, and confirms when you can fly.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><div class=\"step h-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Home and follow-up<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Your coordinator stays in touch, and your surgeon reviews your progress by video. Repeat corneal scans near home can be sent to Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer. Your contact lenses are refitted once the cornea has settled.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div><\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ol>\n\t\t<div class=\"sec-foot-flow prose\"><p data-reveal><strong>One eye or both?<\/strong> <span class=\"ph\">{{Your surgeon&#8217;s policy on treating both eyes on one trip.}}<\/span><\/p><div class=\"links-row\" data-reveal><a class=\"link-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/how-it-works\/\">How it works: from WhatsApp to surgery to home <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Process (Step cards: 3 columns) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Process (Timeline) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"recovery-after-intacs-surgery\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Recovery after Intacs surgery<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"t22 sec-lead\" data-reveal>Unlike epithelium-off cross-linking, Intacs surgery leaves the surface layer of the cornea in place, so the first days are usually more comfortable. Vision, however, takes time to settle.<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"tbl-flow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"timeline\" data-stagger>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<b>Days 1\u20134<\/b>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Some discomfort, watering and light sensitivity. A university eye centre describes post-operative discomfort for one to four days. Use the drops exactly as prescribed.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<b>First weeks<\/b>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vision fluctuates; this can last weeks to months. Do not rub your eyes. Your surgeon tells you when you can return to work, drive and swim.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<b>Contact lenses<\/b>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rabinowitz reports that soft lenses can be worn soon after surgery, while rigid lens fitting is usually delayed for at least 3 months. Many patients find their lenses fit better and feel more comfortable than before.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<b>3\u201312 months<\/b>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The cornea settles and your glasses or contact lens prescription is updated. Repeat scans check the result and, if you have not had cross-linking, whether keratoconus is still stable.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t<p data-reveal>If you have night-time glare or halos, tell your surgeon: they are a known side effect and are more likely if your pupils are large. Call your coordinator straight away if pain, redness, discharge or blurred vision get worse, as these can be signs of infection.<\/p>\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Process (Timeline) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Heading (Intro: heading left, text right) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"intacs-for-keratoconus-success-rate-and-the-risks\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\"><div class=\"intro-grid row\"><div class=\"intro-side col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48\" data-reveal>Intacs for keratoconus success rate, and the risks<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"copy prose col-12\"><p data-reveal><strong>Results.<\/strong> Corneal rings usually flatten the cornea by a few dioptres and improve vision by a couple of lines on the eye chart, but they do not give perfect vision.<\/p>\n<ul data-reveal>\n<li>A 2019 meta-analysis in the <em>Journal of Refractive Surgery<\/em> pooled <strong>1,325 eyes from 18 studies<\/strong>: at 12 months the cornea was on average <strong>3.41 dioptres flatter<\/strong>, short sight was reduced by 2.81 dioptres and astigmatism by 1.49 dioptres, and uncorrected vision improved by about two lines.<\/li>\n<li>In the main study behind the FDA approval (74 eyes), <strong>72% gained two or more lines of uncorrected vision<\/strong> and 45% gained two or more lines of best-corrected vision; 4% lost two or more lines.<\/li>\n<li>In a 2013 review, Rabinowitz reports that <strong>70\u201380% of patients<\/strong> saw better with and without glasses after Intacs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>How long do results last?<\/strong> In a 5-year study of 124 eyes (<em>Journal of Cataract &amp; Refractive Surgery<\/em>, 2021), no regression was seen. In a smaller 5-year Intacs study (<em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 2019, 30 eyes), the gain in best-corrected vision lasted 5 years, but uncorrected vision drifted back towards its starting level by year 5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-reveal><strong>What EyeWiki says.<\/strong> The American Academy of Ophthalmology&#8217;s EyeWiki notes that most patients end up with a flatter cornea and <strong>find contact lenses easier to wear<\/strong>, but usually still need glasses or lenses for their best vision.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal><strong>How strong is the evidence?<\/strong> A 2019 Cochrane review found no randomised trials comparing rings with glasses or contact lenses, so the evidence comes from case series and comparative studies. That is another reason why contact lenses remain the first option, and why rings are best for people for whom lenses no longer work.<\/p><div class=\"list-card\" data-reveal><h3>Risks and side effects:<\/h3><ul class=\"check-list\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>Overall complications.<\/strong> In the largest series, 850 eyes with femtosecond-laser channels, complications occurred in <strong>5.7%<\/strong>. The most common were an incomplete channel during surgery (2.7%) and segment migration afterwards (1.3%). EyeWiki notes that published complication rates range up to 30%, from harmless to sight-threatening, depending on technique and series.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>Segment movement or extrusion<\/strong>, where a segment shifts or works its way towards the surface and may need repositioning or removal. In the FDA approval study, 7% of eyes needed further surgery, for example for migration, foreign-body sensation, inflammation or halos.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>Glare, halos and night-vision problems.<\/strong> In one European study, 7 of 57 eyes (12.3%) had their rings removed because of visual symptoms.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>Infection<\/strong> (0.1% in the 850-eye series), <strong>corneal melting<\/strong> over a segment (0.2%) and perforation during channel creation (0.6%).<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>Harmless white deposits<\/strong> along the channel, new blood vessels in the cornea (more likely in contact lens wearers) and corneal haze.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-check\"\/><\/svg><span><strong>Vision may not improve<\/strong>, or may get worse, particularly if you already saw well in lenses.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><p data-reveal><strong>Rings are reversible.<\/strong> In the FDA summary, eyes whose segments were removed returned to their pre-operative state, and Vega-Estrada and Ali\u00f3 report that removal brings vision and corneal shape back towards their starting values.<\/p>\n<p data-reveal>Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer explains your personal risks in writing and through your interpreter before you sign anything.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Heading (Intro: heading left, text right) End -->\n\n\n<!-- FAQ (FAQ accordion) Start -->\n<section class=\"faq pad\" id=\"faq\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\"><div class=\"faq-grid\">\n\t<div class=\"faq-side\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"t48\" data-reveal>Intacs and corneal rings: frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"acc\" data-stagger>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item is-open\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a1\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q1\">How much does Intacs surgery cost?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q1\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>At Laser Istanbul Clinic, Intacs surgery starts from <span class=\"ph\">{{\u00a3 price}}<\/span> per eye, including your scans, surgery, implants, medication, follow-up checks, interpreter and coordinator; hotel and transfers are extra. Few clinics publish a fixed ring price, because the cost depends on the ring type and whether cross-linking is added. Ask any clinic for a written, all-in price per eye.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a2\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q2\">Is Intacs surgery priced per eye?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q2\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>Yes. Intacs surgery is planned and priced per eye, because keratoconus is often more advanced in one eye and each cornea needs its own ring plan. If both eyes need rings, ask for a both-eyes price.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a3\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q3\">What does Intacs mean?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q3\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>Intacs is a brand name for intracorneal ring segments (ICRS): small, clear plastic arcs implanted inside the cornea to flatten it. Many people use &#8220;Intacs&#8221; for all corneal rings, although other brands, such as Keraring, Ferrara rings and MyoRing, work in a similar way.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a4\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q4\">What is the success rate of Intacs for keratoconus?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q4\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>Most suitable eyes gain some vision: a 2019 meta-analysis of 1,325 eyes found about two lines of improvement in uncorrected vision and 3.41 dioptres of corneal flattening after 12 months. In the FDA approval study, 72% gained two or more lines of uncorrected vision. Results are best when vision was poor before surgery and the cornea is stable.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a5\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q5\">Do Intacs stop keratoconus from getting worse?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q5\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>No. Ring segments reshape the cornea but do not strengthen it, so they are often combined with corneal cross-linking. A 2018 meta-analysis in <em>Cornea<\/em> suggests doing both at the same session may give better results than doing them months apart.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a6\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q6\">Will I still need glasses or contact lenses after Intacs?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q6\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>Most people do. The FDA summary states that most patients still need glasses, soft toric or rigid gas-permeable lenses after Intacs. The aim is clearer, more stable vision and easier lens wear, not glasses-free vision.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a7\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q7\">Is Intacs surgery painful?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q7\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>The surgery itself is done under numbing drops, so you feel pressure rather than pain. Afterwards, expect some discomfort, watering and light sensitivity for one to four days, managed with drops and simple pain relief.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a8\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q8\">Can Intacs be removed?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q8\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>Yes. Ring segments are designed to be removed or exchanged, for example if you have troublesome glare or a segment moves. After removal, the cornea tends to return towards its earlier shape, and a corneal transplant remains possible later if ever needed.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a9\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q9\">Intacs or cross-linking: which do I need?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a9\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q9\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>They do different jobs: cross-linking stops progression, and Intacs improve the shape of the cornea and your vision. If your keratoconus is progressing, cross-linking comes first or at the same time. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer recommends one, the other or both after studying your scans.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-item\"><h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"t32\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"faq-e71371c8-a10\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-q10\">How long do I need to stay in Istanbul for Intacs surgery?<svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-plus\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/h3><div class=\"acc-panel\" id=\"faq-e71371c8-a10\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"faq-e71371c8-q10\"><div class=\"acc-body\"><p data-reveal>Plan <span class=\"ph\">{{number of days}}<\/span> in Istanbul, including your examination, surgery and first check-up. Your surgeon confirms when you can fly.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How much does Intacs surgery cost?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"At Laser Istanbul Clinic, Intacs surgery starts from {{\u00a3 price}} per eye, including your scans, surgery, implants, medication, follow-up checks, interpreter and coordinator; hotel and transfers are extra. Few clinics publish a fixed ring price, because the cost depends on the ring type and whether cross-linking is added. Ask any clinic for a written, all-in price per eye.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Is Intacs surgery priced per eye?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes. 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After removal, the cornea tends to return towards its earlier shape, and a corneal transplant remains possible later if ever needed.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Intacs or cross-linking: which do I need?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"They do different jobs: cross-linking stops progression, and Intacs improve the shape of the cornea and your vision. If your keratoconus is progressing, cross-linking comes first or at the same time. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u00d6zer recommends one, the other or both after studying your scans.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"How long do I need to stay in Istanbul for Intacs surgery?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Plan {{number of days}} in Istanbul, including your examination, surgery and first check-up. Your surgeon confirms when you can fly.\"}}]}<\/script><\/section>\n<!-- FAQ (FAQ accordion) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Call to Action (Centred action) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"what-our-keratoconus-patients-say\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t<div class=\"sec-head is-center row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>What our keratoconus patients say<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"review-slots\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"widget-slot\" data-reveal><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-star\"\/><\/svg><span><span class=\"ph\">{{2\u20134 consented reviews from corneal ring \/ keratoconus patients: first name, country, surgeon, date; or embedded Google\/Trustpilot widget}}<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"center-cta\" data-reveal><div class=\"links-row\"><a class=\"link-arrow\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/reviews\/\">Patient reviews and video stories <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Call to Action (Centred action) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Table (Table on a light section) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad\" id=\"intacs-cross-linking-or-corneal-transplant\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t<div class=\"sec-head is-center row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Intacs, cross-linking or corneal transplant?<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\"><p class=\"t22 sec-lead\" data-reveal>Corneal rings are one of several keratoconus treatments. They do different jobs, and many patients need more than one.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tbl-flow sec-pre-wide\"><div class=\"tbl-wrap\" data-reveal><table class=\"tbl rsp\"><thead><tr><th scope=\"col\"><\/th><th scope=\"col\">Intacs \/ corneal ring segments<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corneal cross-linking (CXL)<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Corneal transplant<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Main goal<\/th><td data-label=\"Intacs \/ corneal ring segments\">Flatten the cornea to improve vision and lens tolerance<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal cross-linking (CXL)\">Stop keratoconus getting worse<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal transplant\">Replace scarred or very thin cornea<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Usually suits<\/th><td data-label=\"Intacs \/ corneal ring segments\">Mild to moderate keratoconus, clear centre, cornea \u2265 450 \u00b5m<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal cross-linking (CXL)\">Progressing keratoconus<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal transplant\">Advanced keratoconus or scarring<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Reversible?<\/th><td data-label=\"Intacs \/ corneal ring segments\">Yes, segments can be removed<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal cross-linking (CXL)\">No<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal transplant\">No<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Combined with others?<\/th><td data-label=\"Intacs \/ corneal ring segments\">Often with CXL<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal cross-linking (CXL)\">Often with rings<\/td><td data-label=\"Corneal transplant\">Usually done instead, in advanced cases<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"features two row row-cols-1 row-cols-md-2\" data-stagger>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col\"><div class=\"feat h-100\"><span class=\"feat-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg width=\"26\" height=\"26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-drop\"\/><\/svg><\/span><h3>Corneal cross-linking (CXL)<\/h3><p>Riboflavin drops and UV light stiffen the cornea to stop keratoconus progressing; often done before or together with rings.<\/p><a class=\"feat-go\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/keratoconus-treatment-turkey\/cross-linking\/\">Corneal cross-linking (CXL) in Istanbul <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col\"><div class=\"feat h-100\"><span class=\"feat-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg width=\"26\" height=\"26\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-clock\"\/><\/svg><\/span><h3>Corneal transplant<\/h3><p>Partial or full-thickness replacement of the cornea with donor tissue when it is too scarred or thin for rings. The FDA summary notes that corneal grafts last about 10\u201315 years on average, one reason to delay a transplant when rings can help.<\/p><a class=\"feat-go\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/corneal-transplant-turkey\/\">Corneal transplant in Turkey (DMEK, DSAEK, PK) <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- Table (Table on a light section) End -->\n\n\n<!-- List (Related pages) Start -->\n<section class=\"panel\" id=\"related-tools\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"sec-head is-center row\"><div class=\"col-12\"><h2 class=\"t48 sec-title\" data-reveal>Related tools<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\t\t<ul class=\"pg-links row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-lg-3\" data-stagger>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><a class=\"pg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/eye-tools\/astigmatism-test\/\"><span>Astigmatism test<\/span><svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow-ur\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"col\"><a class=\"pg-link\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/eye-tests-diagnostics\/corneal-topography\/\"><span>Corneal topography: what your scan shows<\/span><svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><use href=\"#i-arrow-ur\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- List (Related pages) End -->\n\n\n<!-- List (Sources and medical review) Start -->\n<section class=\"psec pad tight\"><div class=\"container-fluid px-0\"><div class=\"row g-0\"><div class=\"col-12\"><details class=\"sources\" data-reveal><summary class=\"t22\">Sources for the facts on this page<\/summary><ol>\n\t\t<li>US FDA, <em>Summary of Safety and Probable Benefit, INTACS\u00ae Prescription Inserts for Keratoconus<\/em> (HDE H040002, approved 26 July 2004): indication wording; patients \u2265 21, clear central cornea, \u2265 450 \u00b5m at incision site, transplant the only remaining option; contraindications (\u2264 449 \u00b5m, collagen-vascular\/autoimmune\/immunodeficiency disease, pregnancy\/nursing, recurrent erosion or dystrophy, isotretinoin, amiodarone); not recommended with insulin-dependent diabetes, severe atopic disease, herpes history; large pupils and low-light symptoms; two PMMA segments of 150\u00b0, thicknesses 0.25\/0.30\/0.35 mm, about two-thirds depth, small radial incision, designed for removal or replacement; flattens and recentres the cone; CE mark for keratoconus 4 Nov 2003; myopia marketing EU 1996, US 10 Feb 1999; Boxer Wachler study 74 eyes (72% \u2265 2 lines UCVA gain, 45% \u2265 2 lines BSCVA gain, 4% \u2265 2 lines BSCVA loss, 7% reintervention for migration, foreign-body sensation, inflammation, halos); European study 7\/57 eyes (12.3%) removed for visual symptoms, eyes returned to preoperative state; most patients still need spectacles, soft toric or RGP lenses; corneal grafts last about 10\u201315 years. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/cdrh_docs\/pdf4\/H040002B.pdf and HDE record https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfhde\/hde.cfm?id=H040002<\/li>\n\t\t<li>EyeWiki (AAO), <em>Keratoconus<\/em>: ICRS for mild\u2013moderate keratoconus with clear central cornea and &gt; 450 \u00b5m at the insertion site; no tissue removal, no intraocular incision, central cornea untouched; flatter cornea and easier contact-lens wear, spectacles\/lenses usually still needed; complication rates up to 30%; approved for contact-lens-intolerant patients. https:\/\/eyewiki.org\/Keratoconus<\/li>\n\t\t<li>EyeWiki (AAO), <em>ICRS: Corneal Biomechanics Effects<\/em>: implantation depth 66\u201380%; arc-shortening\/spacer mechanism; Barraquer&#8217;s principle (effect proportional to thickness, inverse to diameter); PMMA; dimensions of Intacs, Intacs SK, Ferrara, Keraring, MyoRing. https:\/\/eyewiki.org\/ICRS:_Corneal_Biomechanics_Effects<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Vega-Estrada A, Ali\u00f3 JL. <em>The use of intracorneal ring segments in keratoconus.<\/em> Eye and Vision 2016: selection (contact-lens intolerance, no central scarring, stability first); outcomes by baseline vision (82.9% gain \u2265 1 line with poor CDVA; 37.9% gain and 25.8% lose \u2265 2 lines with good CDVA); 3\u20135 D mean flattening; femtosecond 70\u201380% depth preferred; ring types (Keraring 90\u2013210\u00b0 triangular, Intacs 150\u00b0 hexagonal, Intacs SK oval, MyoRing 360\u00b0); complications incl. extrusion, migration, neovascularisation, haze, melting, infectious keratitis, harmless white deposits; explantation returns parameters towards baseline; ICRS then CXL. https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC4791885\/<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Rabinowitz YS. <em>INTACS for keratoconus and ectasia after LASIK.<\/em> Int Ophthalmol Clin 2013;53(1):27\u201339: best candidates (contact-lens intolerance, clear optical zone, steepest K \u2264 58 D, \u2265 450 \u00b5m), poor candidates (scarring, &lt; 450 \u00b5m, rapidly progressive without CXL, expecting excellent unaided vision); topical anaesthesia; femtosecond vs mechanical; 2\u20133 D flattening; 70\u201380% improved; soft lenses soon after, rigid lenses after \u2265 3 months; post-LASIK ectasia with channel below the flap. https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC3653443\/<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Izquierdo L Jr, Mannis MJ, Mej\u00edas Smith JA, Henriquez MA. <em>Effectiveness of Intrastromal Corneal Ring Implantation in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Keratoconus: A Systematic Review.<\/em> J Refract Surg 2019 (PMID 30855097): 1,325 eyes, 18 studies, 12 months; UDVA +0.23 logMAR, sphere 2.81 D, cylinder 1.49 D, keratometry 3.41 D; combined with CXL better than ICRS alone. Abstract via Europe PMC: https:\/\/europepmc.org\/article\/MED\/30855097<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Zadnik K, et al. <em>Intrastromal corneal ring segments for treating keratoconus.<\/em> Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 (CD011150.pub2): no RCTs vs spectacles\/contact lenses; modest flattening 2\u20133 D and 2\u20133 lines; reports of perforation and severe infection. https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6516208\/<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Coskunseven E, Kymionis GD, Tsiklis NS, et al. <em>Complications of intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation using a femtosecond laser for channel creation: a survey of 850 eyes with keratoconus.<\/em> Acta Ophthalmol 2011 (PMID 19681760): total 5.7%; incomplete channel 2.7%, endothelial perforation 0.6%, migration 1.3%, melting 0.2%, infection 0.1%. https:\/\/europepmc.org\/article\/MED\/19681760<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Kubaloglu A, Sari ES, Cinar Y, et al. <em>Comparison of mechanical and femtosecond laser tunnel creation for ICRS implantation in keratoconus: prospective randomized clinical trial.<\/em> J Cataract Refract Surg 2010 (PMID 20692570): similar outcomes for both techniques. https:\/\/europepmc.org\/article\/MED\/20692570<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Hashemi H, Alvani A, Seyedian MA, et al. <em>Appropriate Sequence of Combined Intracorneal Ring Implantation and Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in Keratoconus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.<\/em> Cornea 2018 (PMID 30211742): simultaneous ICRS + CXL may give better outcomes than staged. https:\/\/europepmc.org\/article\/MED\/30211742<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Costa JV, Monteiro T, Franqueira N, et al. <em>Five-year long-term outcomes of intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation using the manual technique.<\/em> J Cataract Refract Surg 2021 (PMID 33196572): 124 eyes, no regression at 5 years. https:\/\/europepmc.org\/article\/MED\/33196572<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Kang MJ, Byun YS, Yoo YS, et al. <em>Long-term outcome of intrastromal corneal ring segments in keratoconus: Five-year follow up.<\/em> Sci Rep 2019 (PMID 30670787): 30 eyes, femtosecond Intacs; CDVA improvement sustained 5 years; UDVA and sphere regressed at 5 years; keratometric flattening maintained. https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6342932\/<\/li>\n\t\t<li>John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah Health, <em>Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments (INTACS)<\/em>: discomfort for one to four days, fluctuating vision for weeks to months, segments can be removed or exchanged, better contact-lens fit. https:\/\/healthcare.utah.edu\/moran\/lasik\/intrastromal-corneal-ring-segments<\/li>\n\t\t<li>American Academy of Ophthalmology, <em>Keratoconus Treatment<\/em>: Intacs are a small curved device placed in the cornea to flatten its curvature and improve vision. https:\/\/www.aao.org\/eye-health\/diseases\/keratoconus-treatment<\/li>\n\t\t<li>Deshmukh R, Gore D. <em>Keratoconus: diagnosis and management.<\/em> Community Eye Health 2024;37(123): contact-lens breaks before scans (1 week soft, 2 weeks RGP). https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11921258\/<\/li>\n\t\t<li>UK private cross-linking prices (2026 published price lists, opened 6 Oct 2026; clinics not named on the page; none listed a fixed ring-segment price): \u00a31,995 one eye (https:\/\/www.newmedica.co.uk\/private-patients\/private-eye-treatment-prices\/); \u00a31,700 one eye (https:\/\/www.optimalvision.co.uk\/corneal-collagen-crosslinking-eye-clinic); \u00a32,399 one eye, surgeon&#8217;s fee only (https:\/\/kvisionc.co.uk\/fees).<\/li>\n\t<\/ol><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<!-- List (Sources and medical review) End -->\n\n\n<!-- Call to Action (Assessment band) Start -->\n<section class=\"cta-band\" id=\"assessment\">\n\t<div class=\"contact-bg\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span><\/span><span><\/span><span><\/span><\/div>\n\t<div class=\"cta-inner pad container-fluid\"><div class=\"row\">\n\t\t<div class=\"col-12 col-lg-7\"><div class=\"cta-copy\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"t64\" data-reveal>Could corneal rings help your vision? Find out, free<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"t22\" data-reveal>Send us your glasses or contact lens prescription and your corneal scans. Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer will tell you whether Intacs, cross-linking, both or another option suits you, and what it would cost, with no obligation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cta-actions\" data-reveal><a class=\"pill pill-white\" href=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/free-consultation\/\"><span class=\"pill-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pill-label\">Get my free Intacs assessment<\/span><\/a><a class=\"pill pill-line\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/905416390785?text=Hello%20Laser%20Istanbul%20Clinic%2C%20I%20would%20like%20some%20information%20about%20eye%20treatment.%20Sent%20from%3A%20https%3A%2F%2Flaseristanbulclinic.com%2Fen%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"pill-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pill-label\">WhatsApp: +90 541 639 07 85<\/span><\/a><a class=\"pill pill-line\" href=\"tel:+905416390785\"><span class=\"pill-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><span class=\"pill-label\">Call: +90 541 639 07 85<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12 col-lg-5\"><div class=\"proof-card\" data-reveal>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"proof-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"t48\">3 eye surgeons<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"t22\">Your case is reviewed by a named surgeon, not a salesperson. Reply within <span class=\"ph\">{{response time}}<\/span>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"avatars\" aria-label=\"Our surgeons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/prof-dr-ahmet-satici-ophthalmologist-istanbul-150x150.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Prof. Dr. Ahmet Sat\u0131c\u0131\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/prof-dr-ahmet-satici-ophthalmologist-istanbul-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/prof-dr-ahmet-satici-ophthalmologist-istanbul-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/prof-dr-ahmet-satici-ophthalmologist-istanbul-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/prof-dr-ahmet-satici-ophthalmologist-istanbul.webp 806w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><span class=\"tip\">Prof. Dr. Ahmet Sat\u0131c\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/doc-dr-muhammet-derda-ozer-cornea-specialist-istanbul-150x150.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><span class=\"tip\">Do\u00e7. Dr. Muhammet Derda \u00d6zer<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/op-dr-aysan-bayram-eye-surgeon-istanbul-150x150.webp\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Op. Dr. Aysan Bayram\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/op-dr-aysan-bayram-eye-surgeon-istanbul-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/op-dr-aysan-bayram-eye-surgeon-istanbul-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/op-dr-aysan-bayram-eye-surgeon-istanbul-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/op-dr-aysan-bayram-eye-surgeon-istanbul.webp 806w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><span class=\"tip\">Op. Dr. Aysan Bayram<\/span><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<!-- Call to Action (Assessment band) End -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"parent":1771,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1897","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1897"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1897\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3042,"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1897\/revisions\/3042"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/laseristanbulclinic.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}